Amid the surge in China, three cases of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) have been detected in Bengaluru, India. An eight-month-old child recovering in hospital and a three-month-old child who was discharged were the first reported cases of HMPV in India. Later, a two-month-old child also tested positive in Ahmedabad. There is currently an HMPV outbreak in China. According to social media posts, several viruses are circulating in China, including influenza A, HMPV, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and COVID-19. Several videos and social media posts suggest that hospitals are overcrowded with people suffering from respiratory illnesses.

First identified in 2001, HMPV is a respiratory infection that causes flu-like symptoms. It can affect people of all ages, but young children (under 5 years old), older adults, and people with weakened immune systems are at higher risk.

Symptoms of HMPV:

Cough, fever, stuffy nose, shortness of breath and sore throat are some symptoms of HMPV. These symptoms usually appear three to six days after exposure to the virus. Severe illness due to HMPV may require hospitalization.

How is HMPV transmitted?

HMPV spreads through direct contact with someone who has it. Touching contaminated surfaces, coughing, sneezing and shaking hands can spread the virus.

As symptoms worsen, you may experience severe coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. In such cases, it is important to see a doctor immediately.

Treatment and vaccination

There is currently no vaccine against HMPV. Treatment is primarily aimed at relieving symptoms.

How to distinguish between the common cold and HMPV

HMPV usually causes symptoms similar to those of a cold, but some people can become very ill. People who become infected with HMPV for the first time are more likely to become seriously ill. Symptoms are milder if you get another HMPV infection.

Tips for preventing HMPV:

You can reduce your risk of contracting HMPV and other respiratory diseases by taking these steps:

• Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
• Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
• Consider wearing a mask and avoiding contact with those who are sick
• Do not touch your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands
• Practice self-isolation if you are sick

People with pre-existing lung diseases should be particularly careful and follow all precautions.

Disclaimer: This content, including advice, provides general information only. It is in no way a substitute for qualified medical opinion. For more information, always consult a specialist or your own doctor. NDTV assumes no responsibility for this information.