A severe outbreak of norovirus, the stomach flu, is spreading across the United States and has reached its highest level in over a decade this time of year, according to the latest data from the US Centers for Control and Prevention diseases (CDC). .

Newsweek the CDC emailed for comment.

Why it matters

According to the CDC, norovirus, the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States, is a highly contagious virus that accounts for nearly 58 percent of all foodborne infections annually. A tiny dose of just 10 virus particles can make a person sick, making it one of the most easily transmitted pathogens. Additionally, approximately 2,500 norovirus outbreaks are reported annually in the United States

The infection manifests itself suddenly with symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, headache, body aches and fever. While most people recover within one to three days, the virus takes a significant toll, leading to an estimated 109,000 hospitalizations and 900 deaths annually in the U.S., particularly among older adults and young children.

What you should know

According to the CDC, 91 outbreaks were reported in the week of December 5 alone – an alarming increase from the 69 at the end of November. This increase surpasses previous seasonal records, which peaked at 65 eruptions during the same period in recent years.

This represents the largest number of cases in this period since at least 2012. This data, which comes from only 15 states, also suggests that the prevalence may be even higher.

Outbreaks typically occur from November to April, peak in the winter months, and are often seen in densely populated settings such as cruise ships, nursing homes, prisons and schools. However, experts attribute this increase in part to more states participating in the surveillance program and to increased social interactions after years of pandemic restrictions.

How does it spread?

Norovirus spreads through direct contact with infected people or through contaminated food, water and surfaces. Shared eating utensils and close contact environments further accelerate transmission and highlight the virus’s ability to quickly trigger large-scale outbreaks.

Who is most at risk?

While anyone can become infected with norovirus, young children, older adults and those with weakened immune systems are most at risk. Dehydration, caused by persistent vomiting and diarrhea, is a major concern.

Symptoms of severe dehydration include decreased urination, dry mouth, dizziness, and in children, increased agitation and tearless crying. If these symptoms occur, immediate medical treatment is recommended.

How do you treat norovirus?

As the number of norovirus cases continues to rise in the U.S., the CDC emphasizes frequent and thorough handwashing as the most effective defense. Scrub your hands with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds, especially before meals and after using the bathroom. Additionally, disinfecting surfaces with household cleaners can reduce the risk of viral spread.

What people say

Dr. William Schaffner, professor of infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennesseetold Assets Earlier this month, it was revealed that norovirus is known by the nicknames “winter vomiting sickness” and “cruise ship virus” because it spreads easily among people in close proximity.

Dr. Georges Benjamin, executive director of the American Public Health Associationalso told Assets Earlier this month: “It doesn’t take much to make people pretty sick. That’s the main reason it’s so contagious.”

What happens next

Although there is no specific vaccine to treat norovirus, Moderna has begun trials for a possible vaccine. Health experts advise individuals to stay current on annual flu shots and for those already experiencing symptoms of norovirus to stay hydrated.